{"id":1328,"date":"2024-08-20T22:29:00","date_gmt":"2024-08-20T14:29:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.huanqiukexue.com\/?p=1328"},"modified":"2024-08-23T14:16:14","modified_gmt":"2024-08-23T06:16:14","slug":"%e9%98%89%e5%89%b2%e5%ae%bf%e4%b8%bb%e5%90%8e%ef%bc%8c%e5%ae%83%e4%bb%ac%e9%9d%a0%e6%94%be%e5%bc%83%e7%94%9f%e8%82%b2%e5%8d%b7%e6%ad%bb%e5%af%b9%e6%89%8b%ef%bc%8c%e4%ba%ba%e7%b1%bb%e5%8f%af%e8%83%bd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.huanqiukexue.com\/?p=1328","title":{"rendered":"\u9609\u5272\u5bbf\u4e3b\u540e\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u9760\u653e\u5f03\u751f\u80b2\u5377\u6b7b\u5bf9\u624b\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u53ef\u80fd\u4e5f\u9003\u4e0d\u8fc7"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n
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\u653b\u51fb\u5176\u5b83\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\u7684Haplorchis pumilio<\/em>\u201c\u58eb\u5175\u201d\uff08\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aDaniel Metz via Science<\/em> News\uff09<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
\u539f\u6765\u4e0d\u751f\u5b69\u5b50\u4e5f\u662f\u5bf9\u793e\u4f1a\u6709\u8d21\u732e\u7684\u3002<\/section>\n\n\n\n
\u64b0\u6587 | \u51ac\u9e22
\u5ba1\u6821 | clefable

<\/strong>\n\n\n\n

\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\u8ba9\u5168\u7403\u5404\u5730\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u95fb\u98ce\u4e27\u80c6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u53eb\u505a\u5438\u866b\uff08trematode\uff09\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6241\u5f62\u52a8\u7269\u95e8\uff08Platyhelminthes\uff09\u5438\u866b\u7eb2\uff08Trematoda\uff09\u3002\u4e0d\u540c\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684\u5438\u866b\u611f\u67d3\u4eba\u4f53\u540e\u4f1a\u653b\u51fb\u4eba\u4f53\u5185\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u5668\u5b98\u6216\u90e8\u4f4d\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u809d\u3001\u80a0\u548c\u80ba\u7b49\uff0c\u8ba9\u611f\u67d3\u8005\u51fa\u73b0\u5341\u5206\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u75c5\u75c7\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53ef\u80fd\u5371\u53ca\u751f\u547d\u3002\u8179\u75db\u3001\u6162\u6027\u54b3\u55fd\u3001\u809d\u80bf\u5927\u3001\u80c6\u7ba1\u764c\u548c\u8111\u51fa\u8840\u7b49\u90fd\u662f\u5438\u866b\u611f\u67d3\u8005\u5e38\u51fa\u73b0\u7684\u75c5\u75c7<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u611f\u67d3\u5438\u866b\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u98df\u7528\u4e86\u5e26\u6709\u5438\u866b\u7684\u6c34\u4ea7\u54c1<\/strong>\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u6de1\u6c34\u9c7c\u3001\u9752\u86d9\u548c\u6c34\u751f\u690d\u7269\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\u8c46\u74e3\u83dc\uff09\u7b49\u3002\u636e\u7edf\u8ba1\uff0c\u6211\u56fd132\u79cd\u6de1\u6c34\u9c7c\u4f53\u5185\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u79cd\u540d\u4e3aClonorchis sinensis<\/em>\u7684\u5438\u866b<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b83\u611f\u67d3\u4eba\u4f53\u540e\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4f1a\u653b\u51fb\u4eba\u7684\u809d\u810f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"
\u51e0\u79cd\u5e38\u89c1\u53ef\u611f\u67d3\u4eba\u4f53\u5438\u866b\u7684\u751f\u6d3b\u53f2\uff08\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aKeiser & Utzinger, 2009\uff09<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u5438\u866b\u5728\u5bbf\u4e3b\u4f53\u5185\u4f5c\u5a01\u4f5c\u798f\u5df2\u7ecf\u591f\u53ef\u6015\u4e86\uff0c\u800c\u6700\u65b0\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u520a\u300b\uff08PNAS<\/em>\uff09\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53ef\u6015\u7684\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\u2014\u2014\u81f3\u5c11\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u79cd\u53eb\u505aHaplorchis pumilio<\/em>\uff08\u540e\u7b80\u79f0H.pumilio<\/em>\uff09\u7684\u5438\u866b\u7fa4\u4f53\uff0c\u7adf\u7136\u80fd\u5728\u5bbf\u4e3b\u4f53\u5185\u5206\u5316\u51fa\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u89d2\u8272\u548c\u5206\u5de5<\/strong>\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8f83\u9ad8\u7b49\u7684\u751f\u7269\u7279\u5f81\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4f1a\u5728\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\u4e2d\u51fa\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n



\u9609\u5272\u7b2c\u4e00\u4efb\u5bbf\u4e3b<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6545\u4e8b\u8fd8\u5f97\u4ece\u5934\u8bf4\u8d77\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5176\u5b9e\u5728\u611f\u67d3\u4eba\u4f53\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5438\u866b\u7684\u4e00\u751f\u5df2\u7ecf\u7ecf\u5386\u4e86\u4e0d\u5c11\u6545\u4e8b<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u9996\u5148\u4f1a\u611f\u67d3\u8bf8\u5982\u8717\u725b\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u8f6f\u4f53\u52a8\u7269\uff0c\u5c06\u5176\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e00\u4efb\u4e2d\u95f4\u5bbf\u4e3b\uff1b\u7136\u540e\u518d\u611f\u67d3\u9c7c\u7c7b\u3001\u9752\u86d9\u7b49\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4efb\u5bbf\u4e3b\uff1b\u6700\u540e\u624d\u4f1a\u611f\u67d3\u5305\u62ec\u4eba\u7c7b\u5728\u5185\u7684\u54fa\u4e73\u52a8\u7269\u6216\u9e1f\u7c7b\u7b49\u6700\u7ec8\u5bbf\u4e3b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u8fd9\u6b21\u6545\u4e8b\u7684\u4e3b\u89d2\u2014\u2014\u5438\u866bH.pumilio<\/em>\u4e3a\u4f8b\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u5438\u866b\u4e3b\u8981\u5206\u5e03\u5728\u4e1c\u5357\u4e9a\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u6c34\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u7740\u8bb8\u591a\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u5375\uff0c\u5375\u5b75\u5316\u540e\uff0c\u4f1a\u5f62\u6210\u6700\u521d\u7ea7\u7684\u5438\u866b\u5e7c\u866b\u2014\u2014\u6bdb\u86b4\uff08miracidium\uff09<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u62e5\u6709\u7ea4\u6bdb\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6e38\u52a8\u7684\u201c\u56ca\u72b6\u201d\u5e7c\u866b\u3002\u6bdb\u86b4\u51fa\u751f\u540e\u4fbf\u4f1a\u5bfb\u627e\u5b83\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4efb\u4e2d\u95f4\u5bbf\u4e3b\u2014\u2014\u8f6f\u4f53\u52a8\u7269\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8eH.pumilio<\/em>\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u4efb\u4e2d\u95f4\u5bbf\u4e3b\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u4e1c\u5357\u4e9a\u7684\u8717\u725b\u2014\u2014Melanoides tuberculata<\/em>\uff08\u540e\u7b80\u79f0M.tuberculata<\/em>\uff09<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
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\u8717\u725bMelanoides tuberculata\uff08\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aDennis L. – CC BY 2.0\uff09<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u611f\u67d3\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8717\u725b\u540e\uff0cH.pumilio<\/em>\u5c31\u4f1a\u5f00\u59cb\u5e72\u4e24\u4ef6\u5927\u4e8b\u3002\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ef6\u5927\u4e8b\u662f\u5403<\/strong>\uff0c\u5373\u593a\u53d6\u5bbf\u4e3b\u8717\u725b\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u8425\u517b\u6765\u6ecb\u517b\u81ea\u5df1\u3002H.pumilio<\/em>\u7684\u53e3\u5473\u6bd4\u8f83\u72ec\u7279\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u949f\u7231\u7684\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8717\u725b\u7684\u6027\u817a<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u5b83\u4eec\u6765\u8bf4\u7b80\u76f4\u5c31\u662f\u7edd\u4e16\u4f73\u80b4\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u611f\u67d3\u4e86H.pumilio<\/em>\u5438\u866b\u7684\u8717\u725b\u4f1a\u88ab\u5438\u866b\u6162\u6162\u5730\u9609\u5272\uff0c\u5931\u53bb\u751f\u80b2\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u6574\u4e2a\u8eab\u4f53\u6ca6\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5438\u866b\u7684\u98df\u7269\u4f9b\u7ed9\u7ad9\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9664\u4e86\u5403\uff0cH.pumilio<\/em>\u5728\u8717\u725b\u4f53\u5185\u8981\u5e72\u7684\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4ef6\u5927\u4e8b\u4fbf\u662f\u751f\u957f\u548c\u7e41\u6b96<\/strong>\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u6b64\u65f6\u5b83\u4eec\u8fd8\u53ea\u7b97\u5e7c\u866b\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u6709\u6027\u751f\u6b96\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f46\u6bdb\u86b4\u4f1a\u5728\u8717\u725b\u4f53\u5185\u751f\u957f\u6210\u4e3a\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u5438\u866b\u5e7c\u866b\u2014\u2014\u5c3e\u86b4\uff08cercariae\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u5c3e\u86b4\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u65e0\u6027\u751f\u6b96\u5927\u91cf\u590d\u5236\u81ea\u5df1<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ea7\u751f\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5c3e\u86b4\u3002\u5728\u8fd8\u6ca1\u957f\u5927\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5c3e\u86b4\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u4e0a\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u7e41\u6b96\u4f53\uff08germinal mass\uff09\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u6709\u7740\u8bb8\u591a\u53d1\u80b2\u4e2d\u7684\u5438\u866b\u80da\u80ce\uff1b\u7b49\u957f\u5927\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u8eab\u4f53\u4e0a\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7e41\u6b96\u4f53\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d1\u80b2\u6210\u80b2\u5375\u5ba4\uff08brood chamber\uff09\uff0c\u91cc\u9762\u7684\u80da\u80ce\u4e5f\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d1\u80b2\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u5e7c\u866b\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u4f1a\u6210\u957f\u4e3a\u65b0\u7684\u5c3e\u86b4\uff0c\u5e76\u7ee7\u7eed\u65e0\u6027\u751f\u6b96\uff0c\u6269\u589e\u81ea\u5df1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53ef\u601c\u7684\u8717\u725b\u5927\u6982\u4ece\u88abH.pumilio<\/em>\u6210\u529f\u611f\u67d3\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u523b\u8d77\uff0c\u5b83\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e0d\u5c5e\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\u4e86\u3002\u8717\u725b\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u88abH.pumilio<\/em>\u8d2a\u5a6a\u5730\u63a0\u593a\uff0c\u5b8c\u5168\u6ca6\u4e3a\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5438\u866b\u7684\u201c\u7e41\u6b96\u5bb9\u5668\u201d\u3002<\/strong>H.pumilio<\/em>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4e00\u53ea\u8717\u725b\u4f53\u5185\u751f\u6d3b\u591a\u5e74\uff0c\u5e76\u514b\u9686\u51fa\u6210\u5343\u4e0a\u4e07\u4e2a\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u7b49\u5f85\u7740\u611f\u67d3\u4e0b\u4e00\u4efb\u5bbf\u4e3b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n



\u592a\u5377\u4e86<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8717\u725b\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8eH.pumilio<\/em>\u6765\u8bf4\u53ef\u8c13\u662f\u6781\u5176\u5b9d\u8d35\u7684\u201c\u6218\u7565\u8d44\u6e90\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5b83\u4eec\u9047\u5230\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u6311\u6218\u2014\u2014\u6765\u81ea\u5176\u5b83\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\u7684\u7ade\u4e89<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5M.tuberculata<\/em>\u8717\u725b\u4e3a\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7684\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\uff0c\u53ef\u4e0d\u6b62H.pumilio<\/em>\u5438\u866b\u8fd9\u4e00\u79cd\uff08\u5982\u6b64\u7f8e\u5473\u7684\u6027\u817a\u8c01\u4e0d\u7231\u5462<\/s>\uff09\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u5b83\u4eec\u611f\u67d3\u4e86\u4e00\u53ea\u8717\u725b\u540e\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ea\u8717\u725b\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u906d\u9047\u5176\u5b83\u79cd\u7c7b\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\u7684\u5165\u4fb5\uff1b\u6216\u662f\u5f53\u5b83\u4eec\u8bd5\u56fe\u611f\u67d3\u4e00\u53ea\u8717\u725b\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u8717\u725b\u4f53\u5185\u5df2\u7ecf\u6709\u5176\u5b83\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\u751f\u6d3b\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5305\u62ecH.pumilio<\/em>\u5728\u5185\u7684\u8bb8\u591a\u5438\u866b\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u662f\u4e0d\u4e50\u610f\u548c\u5176\u5b83\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\u5171\u4eab\u4e00\u4e2a\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7684\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5f97\u60f3\u529e\u6cd5\u8d76\u8d70\u5176\u5b83\u7ade\u4e89\u8005<\/strong>\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5438\u866b\u5728\u611f\u67d3\u8717\u725b\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5206\u6ccc\u4e00\u4e9b\u5316\u5b66\u7269\u8d28\u6765\u9632\u6b62\u5176\u5b83\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\u5165\u4fb5\u8fd9\u53ea\u8717\u725b\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u5438\u866b\uff0c\u5219\u8c8c\u4f3c\u4f1a\u91c7\u7528\u4e00\u79cd\u66f4\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u30022010\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u65af\u514b\u5229\u666e\u65af\u6d77\u6d0b\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff08Scripps Institution of Oceanography\uff09\u7684\u751f\u6001\u5b66\u5bb6\u745e\u5b89\u00b7\u8d6b\u91d1\u6770\uff08Ryan Hechinger\uff09\u5c31\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u5438\u866b\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e0e\u5176\u5b83\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\u7ade\u4e89\u5bbf\u4e3b\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\uff0c\u8c8c\u4f3c\u5df2\u7ecf\u6f14\u5316\u51fa\u4e86\u8f83\u9ad8\u7ea7\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5206\u5de5\u884c\u4e3a\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5438\u866b\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e2a\u4f53\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u653e\u5f03\u751f\u6b96\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u58eb\u5175\u201d<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u9632\u536b\u5176\u5b83\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\u7684\u5165\u4fb5\uff0c\u597d\u8ba9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7fa4\u4f53\u80fd\u591f\u72ec\u4eab\u5bbf\u4e3b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n



\u4e0d\u751f\u4e86<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u6709\u4e9b\u50cf\u5f88\u591a\u9ad8\u5ea6\u793e\u4f1a\u5316\u7684\u6606\u866b\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u8682\u8681\u548c\u871c\u8702\uff09\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u793e\u4f1a\u7ed3\u6784\u3002\u8682\u8681\u4e2d\u7684\u5f88\u591a\u4e2a\u4f53\u662f\u4e0d\u8d1f\u8d23\u7e41\u6b96\u7684\uff0c\u4f46\u4f1a\u7279\u5b9a\u5730\u8d1f\u8d23\u5bfb\u627e\u98df\u7269\u3001\u4fee\u5efa\u8681\u7a74\u3001\u7167\u987e\u540e\u4ee3\u7b49\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u800c\u8681\u540e\u5219\u4e13\u95e8\u8d1f\u8d23\u7e41\u6b96\u540e\u4ee3\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u5316\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u51fa\u660e\u786e\u7684\u7e41\u6b96\u548c\u52b3\u52a8\u5206\u5de5\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u771f\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u201d\uff08eusociality\uff09<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u9664\u4e86\u8682\u8681\u548c\u871c\u8702\u8fd9\u7c7b\u5177\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u6606\u866b\uff0c\u54fa\u4e73\u52a8\u7269\u4e2d\u7684\u88f8\u9f39\u9f20\u4e5f\u662f\u201c\u771f\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u201d\u7684\u52a8\u7269\u3002\u88f8\u9f39\u9f20\u5e38\u4ee5\u96c6\u7fa4\u4e3a\u5355\u4f4d\u4e00\u8d77\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u5730\u4e0b\uff0c\u88f8\u9f39\u9f20\u7fa4\u4e2d\u901a\u5e38\u6709\u4e00\u53ea\u88f8\u9f39\u9f20\u201c\u5973\u738b\u201d\uff0c\u5979\u4f1a\u548c1\uff5e3\u540d\u9009\u5b9a\u7684\u96c4\u6027\u8d1f\u8d23\u7fa4\u4f53\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7e41\u6b96\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u800c\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u88f8\u9f39\u9f20\u7684\u751f\u6b96\u80fd\u529b\u88ab\u6291\u5236<\/strong>\uff0c\u53ea\u8d1f\u8d23\u5bfb\u627e\u98df\u7269\u6216\u6e05\u626b\u5730\u4e0b\u96a7\u9053\u3001\u7167\u987e\u5e7c\u5d3d\u7b49\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n

\n
\"\"
\u88f8\u9f39\u9f20\uff0c\u4e3a\u6570\u4e0d\u591a\u7684\u201c\u771f\u793e\u4f1a\u6027\u201d\u54fa\u4e73\u52a8\u7269\uff08Chiswick Chap – Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0\uff09<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u4f46\u7531\u4e8e\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u8bc1\u636e\u6709\u9650\uff0c\u8bb8\u591a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8d6b\u91d1\u6770\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u6301\u6000\u7591\u6001\u5ea6\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u5438\u866b\u201c\u58eb\u5175\u201d\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u662f\u5728\u201c\u5916\u654c\u201d\u5165\u4fb5\u65f6\u6682\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u4e86\u58eb\u5175\u7684\u804c\u8d23\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5b83\u4eec\u8fd8\u662f\u4f1a\u6062\u590d\u5230\u751f\u6b96\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u5f00\u59cb\u7e41\u6b96\u540e\u4ee3<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u653e\u5f03\u751f\u80b2\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n



\u5377\u6b7b\u5b83\u4eec\uff01\uff01<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4f46\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u9662\u520a\u300b\u7684\u8fd9\u9879\u65b0\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u7ec8\u4e8e\u7ed9\u51fa\u4e86\u786e\u51ff\u7684\u8bc1\u636e<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2019\u5e74\uff0c\u8d6b\u91d1\u6770\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u7684\u4e00\u540d\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u4e39\u5c3c\u5c14\u00b7\u6885\u8328\uff08Daniel Mets\uff09\u5728\u7f8e\u56fd\u52a0\u5c3c\u798f\u5c3c\u4e9a\u5dde\u95f2\u901b\u65f6\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u53ea\u602a\u5f02\u7684\u8717\u725b\u3002\u6885\u8328\u5c06\u8fd9\u53ea\u8717\u725b\u5e26\u56de\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u68c0\u67e5\u540e\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u5b83\u662fM.tuberculata<\/em>\u8717\u725b\u2014\u2014\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u8fd9\u79cd\u539f\u4ea7\u4e8e\u4e1c\u5357\u4e9a\u7684\u8717\u725b\u5df2\u7ecf\u5165\u4fb5\u7f8e\u56fd\u4e86<\/strong>\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6c34\u4ea7\u54c1\u8d38\u6613\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e0e\u4e4b\u4e00\u540c\u5230\u6765\u7684\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u5176\u4f53\u5185\u7684H.pumilio<\/em>\u5438\u866b<\/strong>\u3002\u5728\u663e\u5fae\u89c2\u5bdf\u65f6\uff0c\u6885\u8328\u770b\u5230\u8bb8\u591a\u5fae\u5c0f\u7684\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\u7a81\u7136\u4ece\u8717\u725b\u7684\u8eab\u4e0a\u6e38\u4e86\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u4ed6\u901a\u8fc7\u57fa\u56e0\u5206\u6790\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\u5c31\u662fH.pumilio<\/em>\u3002\u4f46\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u4e8b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9bH.pumilio<\/em>\u5438\u866b\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u5927\u5c0f\uff0c\u4e00\u79cd\u4f53\u578b\u8f83\u5927\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u4e00\u6beb\u7c73\u957f\uff0c\u8179\u90e8\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u8bb8\u591a\u53d1\u80b2\u4e2d\u6216\u5373\u5c06\u53d1\u80b2\u5b8c\u5168\u7684\u5c0f\u5438\u866b\u2014\u2014\u8bf4\u660e\u5b83\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u65e0\u6027\u751f\u6b96\u3002\u800c\u53e6\u4e00\u4e9b\u4f53\u578b\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684H.pumilio<\/em>\u5438\u866b\u5219\u6ca1\u6709\u80b2\u5375\u5ba4\u6216\u7e41\u6b96\u4f53\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u6709\u5f02\u5e38\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u54bd\u90e8<\/strong>\u3002\u867d\u7136\u5b83\u4eec\u4f53\u957f\u53ea\u6709\u6b63\u5e38H.pumilio<\/em>\u76845%\uff0c\u4f46\u54bd\u90e8\u957f\u5ea6\u5374\u6bd4\u6b63\u5e38H.pumilio<\/em>\u7684\u54bd\u90e8\u59275.1\u500d\u3002\u800c\u54bd\u90e8\u4e0e\u8eab\u4f53\u957f\u5ea6\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\uff0c\u5219\u662f\u6b63\u5e38H.pumilio<\/em>\u7684124\u500d\uff01<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f53\u578b\u8f83\u5c0f\u7684H.pumilio<\/em>\uff0c\u4fbf\u662fH.pumilio<\/em>\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u7684\u201c\u58eb\u5175\u201d\uff0c\u7ea6\u5360\u603b\u6570\u768412%\uff0c\u4ece\u51fa\u751f\u8d77\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u5c31\u6ca1\u6709\u751f\u6b96\u80fd\u529b<\/strong>\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u56e2\u961f\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6709\u53d1\u73b0\u5b83\u4eec\u540e\u7eed\u80fd\u591f\u8f6c\u53d8\u4e3a\u5177\u6709\u751f\u80b2\u80fd\u529b\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u8ff9\u8c61\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5b83\u4eec\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u54bd\u90e8\uff0c\u4fbf\u662f\u7528\u6765\u62b5\u5fa1\u201c\u5916\u654c\u201d\u7684\u6b66\u5668<\/strong>\u3002\u6885\u8328\u548c\u8d6b\u91d1\u6770\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9bH.pumilio<\/em>\u58eb\u5175\u4e0e\u5176\u5b83\u80fd\u611f\u67d3M.tuberculata<\/em>\u8717\u725b\u7684\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0H.pumilio<\/em>\u201c\u58eb\u5175\u201d\u5f00\u59cb\u75af\u72c2\u5730\u653b\u51fb\u5176\u5b83\u7684\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\u3002\u5b83\u4eec\u6765\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5916\u6765\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\u9762\u524d\uff0c\u5f20\u5927\u5634\u5df4\u7d27\u8d34\u5176\u8179\u90e8\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6269\u5927\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u54bd\u90e8\uff0c\u7531\u6b64\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u6c14\u538b\u4f1a\u5c06\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5916\u6765\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\u7684\u8179\u90e8\u201c\u70b8\u5f00\u201d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d1e<\/strong>\uff0c\u7136\u540eH.pumilio<\/em>\u201c\u58eb\u5175\u201d\u4f1a\u7528\u5634\u5438\u51fa\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5916\u6765\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\u7684\u5185\u810f\u3002\u4e0d\u8fc7\uff0c\u5f53\u9047\u5230\u5176\u5b83\u7684H. Pumilio<\/em>\u5438\u866b\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9bH.pumilio<\/em>\u201c\u58eb\u5175\u201d\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5c55\u5f00\u653b\u51fb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u800c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u727a\u7272\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u751f\u80b2\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u53ea\u4e3a\u5e72\u6389\u7ade\u4e89\u8005\u7684\u201c\u58eb\u5175\u201d\uff0cH.pumilio<\/em>\u7684\u786e\u5728\u4e0e\u5176\u5b83\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u4e2d\u62d4\u5f97\u5934\u7b79\u3002\u6885\u8328\u548c\u8d6b\u91d1\u6770\u968f\u540e\u53c8\u5728\u91ce\u5916\u6536\u96c6\u4e863164\u53eaM.tuberculata<\/em>\u8717\u725b\uff0c\u4ed4\u7ec6\u68c0\u67e5\u4e86\u5b83\u4eec\u4f53\u5185\u7684\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\u79cd\u7c7b\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u53d1\u73b0\uff0cH.pumilio<\/em>\u603b\u662f\u80fd\u5165\u4fb5\u4f53\u578b\u6700\u5927\u3001\u8eab\u4f53\u8425\u517b\u6700\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684M.tuberculata<\/em>\u8717\u725b<\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u88abH.pumilio<\/em>\u5bc4\u751f\u7684M.tuberculata<\/em>\u8717\u725b\uff0c\u4f53\u5185\u4e5f\u66f4\u96be\u53d1\u73b0\u5176\u5b83\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\u3002\u8fd9\u8db3\u4ee5\u8bf4\u660eH.pumilio<\/em>\u5728\u7ade\u4e89\u4e2d\u7684\u6210\u529f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6bd5\u7adf\uff0c\u4eba\u5bb6\u5b69\u5b50\u90fd\u4e0d\u751f\u4e86\uff0c\u5176\u5b83\u5bc4\u751f\u866b\u548b\u80fd\u5377\u5f97\u8fc7\u554a\u3002<\/s><\/p>\n\n\n\n



\u6545\u4e8b\u7ee7\u7eed<\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/strong><\/span><\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u800c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7ade\u4e89\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u81ea\u7136\u4e5f\u8ba9H.pumilio<\/em>\u5728\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u5bc4\u751f\u751f\u6d3b\u91cc\uff0c\u83b7\u53d6\u4e86\u6781\u5927\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\u3002H.pumilio<\/em>\u5438\u866b\u5c3e\u86b4\u5728\u79bb\u5f00\u8717\u725b\u540e\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u4e0b\u4e00\u4efb\u4e2d\u95f4\u5bbf\u4e3b\u2014\u2014\u9c7c\u7684\u4f53\u5185<\/strong>\uff08\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5176\u5b83\u79cd\u7c7b\u7684\u5438\u866b\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u4efb\u5bbf\u4e3b\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u86d9\u3001\u86c7\u7b49\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u6c34\u751f\u690d\u7269\uff09\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u5b83\u4eec\u4f1a\u53d1\u80b2\u6210\u975e\u5e38\u5177\u6709\u611f\u67d3\u6027\u7684\u56ca\u86b4\uff08metacercariae\uff09\u3002\u5f53\u54fa\u4e73\u52a8\u7269\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u4eba\u7c7b\uff09\u6216\u9e1f\u7c7b\u98df\u7528\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e9b\u611f\u67d3\u4e86\u5438\u866b\u7684\u9c7c\uff0c\u4fbf\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86H.pumilio<\/em>\u7684\u6700\u7ec8\u5bbf\u4e3b<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u6700\u7ec8\u5bbf\u4e3b\u4f53\u5185\uff0c\u56ca\u86b4\u8fc1\u79fb\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u5668\u5b98\uff0c\u50cf\u5728\u8717\u725b\u4e2d\u90a3\u6837\u8d2a\u5a6a\u5730\u4eab\u7528\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5668\u5b98\u7684\u8425\u517b\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5f00\u59cb\u6709\u6027\u751f\u6b96<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u6301\u7eed\u5f88\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u79cd\u7c7b\u5438\u866b\u6709\u6240\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u524d\u6587\u63d0\u5230\u7684\u5728\u6211\u56fd\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5206\u5e03\u7684\u5438\u866bClonorchis sinensis<\/em>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u4eba\u4f53\u5bbf\u4e3b\u4f53\u5185\u751f\u6d3b25\u5e74<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\u53c2\u8003\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a
https:\/\/www.pnas.org\/doi\/10.1073\/pnas.2400953121
https:\/\/journals.asm.org\/doi\/10.1128\/cmr.00012-09
https:\/\/royalsocietypublishing.org\/doi\/10.1098\/rspb.2010.1753
https:\/\/www.science.org\/content\/article\/body-snatcher-parasites-blow-holes-enemies-suck-out-their-guts
https:\/\/www.nature.com\/scitable\/knowledge\/library\/an-introduction-to-eusociality-15788128\/
<\/strong>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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