{"id":3468,"date":"2025-12-11T21:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-12-11T13:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.huanqiukexue.com\/?p=3468"},"modified":"2025-12-12T17:57:38","modified_gmt":"2025-12-12T09:57:38","slug":"%e7%9f%b3%e5%a2%a8%e7%83%af%e9%87%8c%e5%8a%a0%e9%b8%9f%e5%b1%8e%ef%bc%8c%e7%94%b5%e6%b1%a0%e9%87%8c%e6%94%be%e7%8c%ab%e7%b2%ae%ef%bc%8c%e4%bb%96%e4%bb%ac%e9%9d%a0%e9%82%aa%e4%bf%ae","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.huanqiukexue.com\/?p=3468","title":{"rendered":"\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u91cc\u52a0\u9e1f\u5c4e\uff0c\u7535\u6c60\u91cc\u653e\u732b\u7cae\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u9760\u201c\u90aa\u4fee\u201d\u767b\u4e0a\u9876\u520a"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"517\" src=\"https:\/\/www.huanqiukexue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/wechat_image_3-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3465\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.huanqiukexue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/wechat_image_3-3.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.huanqiukexue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/wechat_image_3-3-300x259.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: 1px;\">\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/photos\/a-close-up-of-a-rooster-looking-at-the-camera-WisWcGUQBNY\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Unsplash<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: 1px;\">\u64b0\u6587\uff5c\u738b\u6021\u535a<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: 1px;\">\u5ba1\u6821\uff5c\u4e8c\u4e03<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>1802\u5e74\uff0c\u666e\u9c81\u58eb\u63a2\u9669\u5bb6\u548c\u5730\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e9a\u5386\u5c71\u5927\u00b7\u51af\u00b7\u6d2a\u5821\uff08Alexander von Humboldt\uff09\u5728\u79d8\u9c81\u6d77\u8fb9\u6f2b\u6b65\u65f6\uff0c\u7a81\u7136\u95fb\u5230\u4e00\u80a1\u523a\u9f3b\u7684\u5473\u9053\u3002\u4ed6\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c<strong>\u8fd9\u91cc\u7684\u7801\u5934\uff0c\u6b63\u5728\u7e41\u5fd9\u5730\u8fd0\u8f93\u7740\u5927\u91cf\u9ec4\u8910\u8272\u9e1f\u5c4e<\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u90a3\u80a1\u6c14\u5473\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9e1f\u5c4e\u6240\u91ca\u653e\u7684\u6c28\u6c14\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6d2a\u5821\u88ab\u5f53\u5730\u4eba\u544a\u77e5\uff0c<strong>\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6563\u53d1\u7740\u6076\u81ed\u6c14\u5473\u7684\u9e1f\u5c4e\u5728\u79d8\u9c81\u94a6\u5bdf\u7fa4\u5c9b\uff08the Chincha Islands\uff09\u4e0a\u5806\u4e86\u51e0\u5341\u7c73\u539a\uff0c\u4e14\u6df1\u53d7\u5f53\u5730\u519c\u6c11\u7684\u559c\u7231<\/strong>\u3002\u51fa\u4e8e\u597d\u5947\uff0c\u4ed6\u57281804\u5e74\u7ed3\u675f\u62c9\u4e01\u7f8e\u6d32\u4e4b\u65c5\u65f6\uff0c<strong>\u5c06\u4e00\u5768\u9e1f\u5c4e\u5e26\u56de\u4e86\u6b27\u6d32<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u4ea4\u7ed9\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\u8fdb\u884c\u5206\u6790\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u4ed6\u4eec\u60ca\u559c\u5730\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u8fd9\u5768\u9e1f\u5c4e\u5bcc\u542b\u519c\u4f5c\u7269\u751f\u957f\u6240\u9700\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8425\u517b\u7d20\u6c2e\u3001\u78f7\u548c\u94be\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"382\" src=\"https:\/\/www.huanqiukexue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/wechat_image_5-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3467\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.huanqiukexue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/wechat_image_5-1.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.huanqiukexue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/wechat_image_5-1-300x191.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: 1px;\">\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Guano#\/media\/File:Leucocarbo_bougainvillii.jpg\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">wikimedia commons<\/a>\/<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-sa\/4.0\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CC BY-SA 4.0<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u90a3\u65f6\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u5403\u996d\u95ee\u9898\u4e00\u76f4\u6ca1\u6709\u5f97\u5230\u89e3\u51b3\uff0c\u4ec5\u9760\u519c\u5bb6\u80a5\u96be\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u4eba\u53e3\u4e0d\u65ad\u589e\u957f\u5bf9\u7cae\u98df\u7684\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\u5728\u81ea\u5bb6\u519c\u573a\u4e2d\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u9a8c\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u542b\u6c2e\u91cf\u5f88\u9ad8\u7684\u9e1f\u5c4e\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6781\u597d\u7684\u80a5\u6599\u3002<strong>\u8fd9\u4e00\u8ba4\u77e5\u63a8\u52a8\u9e1f\u5c4e\u4ea7\u4e1a\u572819\u4e16\u7eaa\u8fc5\u901f\u5174\u8d77\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u79d8\u9c81\u9e1f\u5c4e\u7684\u4ef7\u683c\u6301\u7eed\u4e0a\u6da8\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u542852.6\u7f8e\u5143<\/strong>\u3002\u52301850\u5e74\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u6570\u503c\u5df2\u5347\u81f3\u5e73\u5747\u6bcf\u542873\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u582a\u79f0\u9ec4\u91d1\u7684\u5b9d\u8d35\u8d44\u6e90\u751a\u81f3\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u897f\u73ed\u7259\u4e0e\u79d8\u9c81\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u201c\u9e1f\u5c4e\u6218\u4e89\u201d\u3002\u76f4\u523020\u4e16\u7eaa\u521d\u4eba\u5de5\u5408\u6210\u6c28\u7684\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u9e1f\u5c4e\u4e0d\u518d\u662f\u519c\u4e1a\u754c\u7684\u5ba0\u513f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u800c\u5728\u8fd1\u4e24\u767e\u5e74\u540e\u7684\u4eca\u5929\uff0c<strong>\u6709\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\u6ca1\u7981\u5f97\u4f4f\u5bcc\u542b\u591a\u79cd\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u9e1f\u5c4e\u7684\u201c\u8bf1\u60d1\u201d\uff0c\u5c06\u81ea\u5bb6\u519c\u573a\u4e2d\u7684\u9e1f\u5c4e\u63ba\u6742\u5728\u88ab\u8a89\u4e3a21\u4e16\u7eaa\u201c\u6750\u6599\u4e4b\u738b\u201d\u7684\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u4e2d<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u63a2\u7a76\u4e86\u63ba\u6742\u9e1f\u5c4e\u540e\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7684\u7535\u50ac\u5316\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);\"><span style=\"font-size: 24px; text-decoration: overline; caret-color: rgb(8,124,186); color: rgb(8,124,186);\"><strong><br>\u63ba\u6742\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef<\/strong><\/span><\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>2004\u5e74\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u66fc\u5f7b\u65af\u7279\u5927\u5b66\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u5b89\u5fb7\u70c8\u00b7\u76d6\u59c6\uff08Andre Geim\uff09\u53ca\u5176\u5b66\u751f\u5eb7\u65af\u5766\u4e01\u00b7\u8bfa\u6c83\u8096\u6d1b\u592b\uff08Konstantin Novoselov\uff09\u7528\u201c\u6495\u80f6\u5e26\u201d\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ece\u77f3\u58a8\u4e2d\u6210\u529f\u5206\u79bb\u5355\u5c42\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u30026\u5e74\u540e\uff0c\u76d6\u59c6\u548c\u8bfa\u6c83\u8096\u6d1b\u592b\u56e0\u5728\u4e8c\u7ef4\u6750\u6599\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5f00\u521b\u6027\u5b9e\u9a8c\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5956\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u51fa\u4e16\u5373\u5dc5\u5cf0\uff0c\u4e00\u5ea6\u662f\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u548c\u4ea7\u4e1a\u754c\u7684\u65b0\u5ba0\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u663e\u793a\uff0c\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u5177\u6709\u975e\u5e38\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u529b\u5b66\u3001\u5149\u5b66\u3001\u7535\u5b66\u548c\u70ed\u5b66\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u53ef\u8c13\u5f53\u4e4b\u65e0\u6127\u7684\u201c\u6750\u6599\u738b\u8005\u201d\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u5e7f\u9614\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u524d\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u52a8\u4f5c\u8fc5\u901f\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u65e9\u5df2\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u672c\u8eab\u662f\u96f6\u5e26\u9699\u7684\u534a\u91d1\u5c5e\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14<strong>\u7ed3\u6784\u5b8c\u6574\u7684\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u50ac\u5316\u6027\u80fd\u8f83\u5dee<\/strong>\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u5728\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u5668\u4ef6\u3001\u50ac\u5316\u3001\u4f20\u611f\u7b49\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9700\u8981\u5bf9\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u505a\u4e9b\u4fee\u9970\u6765\u8c03\u8282\u5176\u8868\u9762\u548c\u7535\u5b50\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982<strong>\u5316\u5b66\u63ba\u6742\u662f\u6700\u6709\u6548\u7684\u624b\u6bb5\u4e4b\u4e00<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u63ba\u6742\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u6c2e\u3001\u78f7\u3001\u786b\u3001\u787c\u7b49\u3002\u4e0d\u8bba\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6742\u539f\u5b50\u6216\u57fa\u56e2\u662f\u7ed9\u7535\u5b50\u8fd8\u662f\u5438\u7535\u5b50\uff0c\u63ba\u6742\u540e\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7684\u7535\u50ac\u5316\u6027\u80fd\u57fa\u672c\u90fd\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u589e\u5f3a\uff0c\u53ea\u6709\u5c11\u6570\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u63ba\u6742\u786b\u6216\u787c\u4f1a\u8d77\u6291\u5236\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u800c\u4e14\uff0c\u591a\u5143\u7d20\u63ba\u6742\u7684\u6539\u5584\u6548\u679c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6bd4\u5355\u5143\u7d20\u8981\u597d\uff0c\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u5c06\u6b64\u5f52\u56e0\u4e8e\u6240\u8c13\u7684\u534f\u540c\u6548\u5e94\uff08synergistic effect\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"337\" src=\"https:\/\/www.huanqiukexue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/wechat_image_1-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3464\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.huanqiukexue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/wechat_image_1-1.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.huanqiukexue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/wechat_image_1-1-300x169.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: 1px;\">\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1a<a target=\"_blank\" href=\"https:\/\/unsplash.com\/photos\/scientific-molecular-structures-on-dark-blue-background-bxsJ4Vtd2Os\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Unsplash<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u4e00\u8d8b\u52bf\u8ba9\u5f7c\u65f6\u5728\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u591a\u4f26\u591a\u5927\u5b66\u505a\u535a\u540e\u7684\u738b\u8def\uff08Wang Lu\uff0c\u97f3\u8bd1\uff0c\u73b0\u4e3a\u9999\u6e2f\u4e2d\u6587\u5927\u5b66\uff08\u6df1\u5733\uff09\u52a9\u7406\u6559\u6388\uff09\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u6377\u514b\u5e03\u62c9\u683c\u5316\u5de5\u5927\u5b66\uff08University of Chemistry and Technology, Prague\uff09\u6559\u6388\u5179\u5fb7\u6d85\u514b\u00b7\u7d22\u5f17\uff08Zdenek Sofer\uff09\u548c\u9a6c\u4e01\u00b7\u666e\u9ed8\uff08Martin Pumer\uff09\u4e00\u62cd\u5373\u5408\uff0c<strong>\u51b3\u5b9a\u7ed9\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u63ba\u70b9\u9e1f\u5c4e<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u4e0d\u5c31\u4e00\u6b65\u5b9e\u73b0\u591a\u79cd\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u63ba\u6742\u5417\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);\"><span style=\"font-size: 24px; text-decoration: overline; caret-color: rgb(8,124,186); color: rgb(8,124,186);\"><strong><br>\u9e1f\u5c4e\u4e5f\u4e0d\u9519<\/strong><\/span><\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u63ba\u9e1f\u5c4e\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u843d\u5728\u4e86\u7d22\u5f17\u8eab\u4e0a<\/strong>\u3002\u4ed6\u4ece\u81ea\u5bb6\u519c\u573a\u53d6\u4e86\u4e9b\u9e1f\u5c4e\uff08\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u9e21\u5c4e\uff0c\u672c\u6587\u7edf\u4e00\u5c06\u5176\u79f0\u4e3a\u9e1f\u5c4e\uff09\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u63ba\u6742\u5230\u4e00\u4efd\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4efd\u7528\u76f8\u540c\u65b9\u6cd5\u5236\u5907\u7684\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u6ca1\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u63ba\u6742\u3002\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u738b\u8def\u8d1f\u8d23\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e24\u79cd\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u6837\u672c\u8fdb\u884c\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u8868\u5f81\u548c\u6d4b\u8bd5\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>X\u5c04\u7ebf\u7535\u5b50\u80fd\u8c31\uff08XPS\uff09\u7ed3\u679c\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u63ba\u6742\u9e1f\u5c4e\u7684\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u4e2d\u542b\u6709\u6c2e\u3001\u78f7\u548c\u786b\u5143\u7d20\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u6bd4\u5bf9\u63ba\u5c4e\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u548c\u5bf9\u7167\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u5728\u6c27\u5316\u8fd8\u539f\u53cd\u5e94\uff08ORR\uff09\u548c\u6790\u6c22\u53cd\u5e94\uff08HER\uff09\u4e2d\u7684\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f97\u51fa\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c<strong>\u4e0e\u672a\u63ba\u6742\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u63ba\u9e1f\u5c4e\u786e\u5b9e\u6539\u5584\u4e86\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7684\u7535\u50ac\u5316\u6027\u80fd<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"207\" src=\"https:\/\/www.huanqiukexue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/wechat_image_4-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3466\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.huanqiukexue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/wechat_image_4-2.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.huanqiukexue.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/wechat_image_4-2-300x104.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><span style=\"color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: 1px;\">\uff08A\uff09ORR\u548c\uff08B\uff09HER\u7684\u7ebf\u6027\u5faa\u73af\u4f0f\u5b89\u56fe\uff1a\u4e0e\u672a\u63ba\u6742\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u9e1f\u5c4e\u63ba\u6742\u7684\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\uff08\u5305\u62ec\u56fe\u4e2d\u663e\u793a\u7684Ho-GO-BD\u548cHu-GO-BD\uff09\u5747\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8f83\u4f4e\u7684\u8d77\u59cb\u7535\u4f4d\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u539f\u8bba\u6587<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7ffb\u5f00\u5143\u7d20\u5468\u671f\u8868\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u53d1\u73b0\u9664\u6389\u60f0\u6027\u6c14\u4f53\u548c\u78b3\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5927\u6982\u670984\u79cd\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u5143\u7d20\u53ef\u4ee5\u63ba\u6742\u5230\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u91cc\uff0c<strong>\u7531\u6b64\u4ea7\u751f84\u7bc7\u5173\u4e8e\u5355\u63ba\u6742\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7684\u8bba\u6587<\/strong>\u3002\u63ba\u6742\u4e24\u79cd\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5c31\u6709\uff0884\u00d783\uff09\/2=3486\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\uff1b\u4f7f\u75283\u79cd\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5c31\u670994 284\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u800c\u63ba\u51654\u79cd\u5143\u7d20\u5c31\u6709\u8fd1200\u4e07\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7535\u50ac\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u7684\u8fd9\u4e00\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u8fd9\u98792020\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u4e8e\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u5316\u5b66\u4f1a\u7eb3\u7c73\u300b\uff08<em>ACS Nano<\/em>\uff09\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c<strong>\u6211\u4eec\u65e0\u8bba\u5728\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4ec0\u4e48\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u54ea\u6015\u662f\u9e1f\u5c4e\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u90fd\u4f1a\u6539\u5584\u5176\u7535\u50ac\u5316\u6027\u80fd<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u610f\u56fe\u5e76\u975e\u8981\u8bf4\u660e\u63ba\u6742\u8fd9\u79cd\u624b\u6bb5\u4e0d\u53ef\u884c\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u60f3\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u5728\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7535\u50ac\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u63ba\u6742\u5b9e\u9a8c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u53ea\u662f\u5bf9\u4ee5\u5f80\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u7ec6\u5fae\u6539\u53d8\uff0c\u8fd9\u5bf9\u6574\u4e2a\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u9886\u57df\u6765\u8bf4\u4f3c\u4e4e\u6ca1\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u66f4\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u60f3\u518d\u6b21\u5f3a\u8c03\uff0c\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u7535\u50ac\u5316\u7814\u7a76\u5bf9\u65e0\u91d1\u5c5e\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5b58\u5728\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c<strong>\u81ea2012\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5df2\u53d1\u8868\u591a\u7bc7\u7c7b\u4f3c\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u6307\u51fa\u63ba\u6742\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u50ac\u5316\u5242\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u91d1\u5c5e\u6742\u8d28\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6742\u8d28\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u624d\u662f\u771f\u6b63\u8d77\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u7535\u50ac\u5316\u5242\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef\u672c\u8eab<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u4e8b\u5b9e\u5374\u88ab\u5927\u591a\u6570\u4eba\u5ffd\u89c6\uff0c\u666e\u9ed8\u5728\u63a5\u53d7\u300a\u5316\u5b66\u4e16\u754c\u300b\uff08<em>Chemistry World<\/em>\uff09\u91c7\u8bbf\u65f6\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u8fd9\u5f88\u5371\u9669\u3002\u666e\u9ed8\u8fd8\u4e3e\u4f8b\u79f0\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u9e21\u7684\u7caa\u4fbf\uff0c<strong>\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u628a\u5154\u5b50\u7caa\u4fbf\u63ba\u5728\u4e86\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef<\/strong>\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e76\u5f97\u5230\u4e86\u5f88\u6f02\u4eae\u7684\u7535\u50ac\u5316\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u4f46\u5982\u679c\u518d\u53d1\u8868\u4e00\u7bc7\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u5173\u4e8e\u5154\u5b50\u7caa\u4fbf\u63ba\u6742\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u90a3\u5c31\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u601d\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);\"><span style=\"font-size: 24px; text-decoration: overline; caret-color: rgb(8,124,186); color: rgb(8,124,186);\"><strong><br>\u7535\u6c60\u91cc\u9762\u52a0\u732b\u7cae\u2026<\/strong><\/span><\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u53d7\u8fd9\u9879\u9e1f\u5c4e\u63ba\u6742\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u542f\u53d1\uff0c\u8fd1\u65e5\u5357\u4eac\u5de5\u4e1a\u5927\u5b66\u4e0e\u626c\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u200c\u5408\u4f5c\u5728\u300a\u7126\u8033\u300b\uff08<em>Joule<\/em>\uff09\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u6587\u7ae0\uff0c\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5728\u6c34\u7cfb\u7535\u6c60\u4e2d\u5c55\u5f00\u7684\u7c7b\u4f3c\u201c\u8352\u8bde\u201d\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6b63\u9762\u4e34\u7c7b\u4f3c\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u6c34\u7cfb\u7535\u6c60\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u666e\u904d\u8d8b\u52bf\u662f\uff0c\u6108\u53d1\u91cd\u89c6\u5408\u6210\u8d8a\u6765\u8d8a\u591a\u65b0\u9896\u7684\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5927\u591a\u6ca1\u592a\u5927\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7d22\u6027\u628a\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u7269\u54c1\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u6c34\u7cfb\u7535\u6c60\u4e2d\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u8336\u3001\u5496\u5561\u3001\u5976\u7c89\u548c\u732b\u7cae\u7b49\uff0c\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u65b0\u6750\u6599\u5e76\u63a2\u7a76\u5176\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4ee5\u6c34\u7cfb\u78b1\u6027\u950c\u7535\u6c60\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c<strong>\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u9996\u5148\u5c06\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\u3001\u6027\u8d28\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u7c89\u672b\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5976\u7c89\u3001\u53ef\u53ef\u7c89\u3001\u5b5c\u7136\u7c89\u3001\u901f\u6eb6\u5496\u5561\u3001\u732b\u7cae\u548c\u8fa3\u6912\u7c89\uff0c\u4ee512.5wt%\uff08\u8d28\u91cf\u5206\u6570\uff09\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u4f5c\u4e3a\u7535\u6781\u6dfb\u52a0\u5242\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u6c27\u5316\u950c\u57fa\u9633\u6781\u4e2d<\/strong>\u3002\u4ee4\u4eba\u60ca\u8bb6\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u79cd\u6dfb\u52a0\u5242\u90fd\u7ed9\u7535\u6c60\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u53ef\u6d4b\u91cf\u7684\u6027\u80fd\u63d0\u5347\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u80fd\u5728300\u6b21\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\u4fdd\u6301\u7a33\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6027\u80fd\u6539\u8fdb\u662f\u5426\u6e90\u4e8e\u975e\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\u7535\u6781\u6750\u6599\uff1f\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u5728\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u8868\u793a\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u65b0\u6750\u6599\u770b\u4f3c\u8868\u73b0\u826f\u597d\uff0c<strong>\u5b9e\u5219\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u523b\u610f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u7535\u5316\u5b66\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u5373\u5728\u6240\u6709\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u90fd\u9884\u9971\u548c\u4e86\u6c27\u5316\u950c<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u5373\u4fbf\u6ca1\u6709\u950c\u7535\u6781\u6d3b\u6027\u6750\u6599\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u7535\u6c60\u5176\u4f59\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u96c6\u6d41\u4f53\u548c\u7535\u89e3\u8d28\u4fdd\u6301\u5b8c\u6574\uff0c\u7535\u6781\u53cd\u5e94\u4ecd\u6309\u9884\u671f\u8fdb\u884c\uff0c\u7535\u6c60\u5c31\u80fd\u6b63\u5e38\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u65e8\u5728\u63d0\u9192\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u548c\u62a5\u544a\u65b0\u578b\u6750\u6599\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u66f4\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u6279\u5224\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\u3002<strong>\u5b83\u4e5f\u4e3a\u6574\u4e2a\u6750\u6599\u79d1\u5b66\u754c\u6572\u54cd\u8b66\u949f<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53\u6211\u4eec\u8ffd\u6c42\u201c\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e07\u7269\u7686\u53ef\u53d1\u8bba\u6587\u201d\u65f6\uff0c\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4\u5b9e\u9645\u521b\u65b0\u6027\u6709\u9650\u7684\u6210\u679c\u6cdb\u6ee5\uff0c\u63a9\u76d6\u771f\u6b63\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7a81\u7834\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>\u81f3\u5c11\u8fd9\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u4eba\u7c7b\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u9e1f\u5c4e(\u63ba\u6742\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef)\u800c\u5f15\u53d1\u6218\u4e89\u2026\u2026<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<span style=\"color: rgb(153, 153, 153); font-size: 16px; letter-spacing: 1px;\">\n\u53c2\u8003\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<br>\nhttps:\/\/www.agweb.com\/news\/business\/farmland\/how-fertilizer-madness-sparked-turd-war-and-turned-guano-gold<br>\nhttps:\/\/www.atlasobscura.com\/articles\/when-the-western-world-ran-on-guano<br>\nhttps:\/\/www.chemistryworld.com\/news\/bird-droppings-to-help-cut-the-crap-in-graphene-doping-papers\/4011068.article<br>\nhttps:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acsnano.9b00184<br>\nhttps:\/\/pubs.acs.org\/doi\/10.1021\/acsnano.8b07534<br>\nhttps:\/\/www.cell.com\/joule\/abstract\/S2542-4351(25)00383-6<\/span>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u9e1f\u5c4e+\u77f3\u58a8\u70ef<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":3465,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7,8],"tags":[422],"class_list":["post-3468","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-environment","category-lead","tag-422"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.huanqiukexue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3468","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.huanqiukexue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.huanqiukexue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.huanqiukexue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.huanqiukexue.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3468"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.huanqiukexue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3468\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3469,"href":"https:\/\/www.huanqiukexue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3468\/revisions\/3469"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.huanqiukexue.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/3465"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.huanqiukexue.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3468"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.huanqiukexue.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3468"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.huanqiukexue.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3468"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}